Solving Reduced Solar Power from Dirt & Hotspots!

Hotspots are a common issue that can significantly reduce the efficiency of solar panels, often unnoticed until performance drops dramatically. This case study highlights how a homeowner identified, addressed, and prevented hotspots to restore their solar system’s performance.

Background

A homeowner in Delhi NCR, India, had a 5 kW rooftop solar system with micro inverters installed in 2020. Initially, the system performed well, generating an average of 20 kWh daily. However, by mid-2023, they noticed a significant drop in output to around 15 kWh daily. Suspecting an issue, they reached out to a solar maintenance professional.

Identification of the Issue

Steps taken to identify the problem:

Performance Analysis: A detailed review of the system’s monitoring data showed consistent underperformance in one of the panel strings.
Thermal Imaging: Using a thermal camera, the technician identified several hotspot areas on two panels, where localized overheating was evident.
Physical Inspection: Dirt accumulation, bird droppings, and micro-cracks were found on the affected panels, contributing to the hotspots.

Addressing the Hotspots

The following measures were implemented:

Panel Cleaning: The panels were thoroughly cleaned to remove dirt and debris.
Replacement of Damaged Panels: The two panels with severe hotspots were replaced, as they had sustained irreversible damage.
Bypass Diodes Check: The technician inspected and replaced faulty bypass diodes to ensure efficient current flow.

Preventive Measures

To prevent future occurrences, the homeowner adopted these measures:

Regular Cleaning Schedule: A bi-monthly cleaning routine was established to prevent dirt and debris buildup.
Installation of Bird Deterrents: Anti-bird spikes were installed to reduce the likelihood of droppings on the panels.
System Monitoring: The homeowner started using advanced monitoring software to track real-time performance and detect issues early.
Annual Maintenance Checks: A contract was signed with the maintenance provider for annual thermal imaging and system inspections.

Outcome

Post-maintenance, the system’s performance was restored to its original efficiency, generating an average of 20 kWh daily. The preventive measures ensured continued optimal performance and minimized the risk of future hotspots.

Conclusion

Hotspots can severely impact solar panel efficiency if left unaddressed. Regular maintenance, advanced monitoring, and proactive preventive measures are essential to ensure long-term system performance and reliability. This case underscores the importance of vigilance and timely intervention in maintaining solar systems.